Understanding different types of language can help you wield it more effectively. The contents of this article are a pragmatic, simplified, and adapted version of John Austin’s (1962) work on speech act theory (SAT), first presented at Oxford University between 1951 and 1954 and at Harvard University in 1955, and later developed by John Searle (1979). SAT treats speaking as a set…
Five ancient languages with immense historical impact are Sanskrit, Egyptian, Sumerian, Greek, and Latin. These languages served as primary carriers of culture, religion, and governance across vast regions, preserving knowledge, and shaping the development of later cultures and languages. Their influence is still evident today in modern languages, law, science, philosophy, and literature. According to scientists, written languages…
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A study published in Nature Communications in December 2025 by researchers from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Princeton University, and Google Research found that the human brain processes language in a sequence similar to the layered structure of modern AI models. This research indicates a potential parallel between biological and artificial language processing systems. In the study, researchers led by Dr.…
The core argument of the article is that as Artificial Intelligence and automation scale, human-to-human communication becomes more valuable, not less. The author defines this as a leadership challenge where the true risk is not losing to AI itself, but to leaders who begin to “function like AI” – becoming purely transactional, emotionally disconnected, and rigid. Through neurobiological “Communication Intelligence”…
This article argues that bilingualism is a fundmental cognitive adaptation where the brain manages multiple, sometimes incompatible, systems. It goes beyond just language switching, acting as a domain-level translation mechanism for flexible, context-dependent selection that improves cognitive adaptability and reflects a unique form of human intelligence. Key insights on translation as adaptation Cognitive flexibility: Bilinguals constantly manage context-dependent selection, choosing the…
Why we struggle to translate words when we don’t experience the concept The article explores why certain terms remain “untranslatable” due to the lack of shared cultural experiences or conceptual frameworks between speakers of different languages. The author argues that translation is not just about swapping words, but about bridging conceptual gaps. If you are fluent in any language other…
AI amplifies, rather than erases, human developmental skills. The article argues that Artificial Intelligence should be viewed as a replacement for human cognition, but as an evolutionary extension of it – much like the development of reading and writing. The literacy comparison Encoding and decoding: Literacy is defined as the ability to both consume and create using symbols. The article…